What Are The Different Types of Feeding Tubes?
Don Marcello
Nasogastric (NG) and Orogastric (OG) tubes are medical devices used to provide nutrition, medication, or to remove fluids from the stomach. These tubes are inserted through the nose or mouth and reach down into the stomach. NG tubes are inserted through the nose and are commonly used for short-term purposes, while OG tubes are inserted through the mouth and are typically used for longer-term purposes. In this article, we will delve deeper into the different types of NG and OG tubes, their uses, and the insertion procedures involved.
Let us explore the various types of tubes available and their specific functions. We will also discuss the insertion procedures and considerations for each type, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of these vital medical devices.
The Different Types of Feeding Tubes
Nasogastric (NG) Tubes
Nasogastric tubes are a type of medical device that is inserted through the nose and down into the stomach. They are commonly used for a variety of medical purposes, such as feeding patients who are unable to eat or drink orally, administering medication, or removing excess fluids from the stomach. NG tubes are typically made of flexible plastic or rubber and come in various sizes to accommodate different patient needs.
Orogastric (OG) Tubes
Orogastric tubes are similar to NG tubes, but instead of being inserted through the nose, they are inserted through the mouth and down into the stomach. They are often used in emergency situations when nasal access is not possible or when a patient is unable to tolerate a nasogastric tube. OG tubes are also made of flexible plastic or rubber and come in different sizes.
Nasoenteric Tubes
Nasoenteric tubes, also known as nasointestinal tubes, are similar to NG tubes but are longer in length and are advanced further down into the small intestine instead of stopping at the stomach. These tubes are used when it is necessary to bypass the stomach and deliver nutrients or medication directly into the intestines. Nasoenteric tubes can be used for patients with gastric motility disorders, gastrointestinal obstructions, or those who need specialized nutritional support.
Oroenteric Tubes
Oroenteric tubes, also known as orointestinal tubes, are similar to OG tubes but are advanced further down into the small intestine instead of stopping at the stomach. Like nasoenteric tubes, they are used to bypass the stomach and deliver nutrients or medication directly into the intestines. Oroenteric tubes may be used in situations where nasogastric access is not possible or when there is a need for long-term enteral feeding.
Nasoduodenal Tubes
Nasoduodenal tubes are similar to nasoenteric tubes but are advanced further down into the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. These tubes are used when it is necessary to bypass both the stomach and upper part of the small intestine and deliver nutrients or medication directly into the duodenum. Nasoduodenal tubes are often used for patients with gastroparesis, gastric outlet obstruction, or other conditions that affect the stomach’s ability to empty properly.
Jejunostomy Tubes
Jejunostomy tubes, also known as J-tubes, are a type of feeding tube that is surgically placed directly into the jejunum, which is the middle part of the small intestine. These tubes are used for long-term enteral feeding when the stomach and upper part of the small intestine cannot be used. J-tubes are typically used for patients who have difficulty with digestion or absorption, or those who have undergone surgical procedures that affect the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
Gastrostomy Tubes
Gastrostomy tubes, also known as G-tubes, are another type of feeding tube that is surgically placed directly into the stomach. These tubes are used for long-term enteral feeding when the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract cannot be used. G-tubes are commonly used for patients who are unable to eat or drink orally due to conditions such as neurological disorders, head and neck cancer, or severe swallowing difficulties.
How to Test for Proper Tube Placement
Testing for proper tube placement is an important step in the use of NG and OG tubes. There are several methods of testing that can be used to ensure the tube is correctly placed.
- X-Ray: An X-ray can be used to confirm proper placement of the NG or OG tube by tracking its progress as it is inserted into the gastrointestinal tract. This method should only be used with patients who are not allergic to X-ray contrast dye.
- pH Test: The pH test involves measuring the acidity level of a sample taken from the tube. This test should only be used with OG tubes and is not recommended for NG tubes due to the risk of aspiration.
- Aspiration Test: The aspiration test is performed by aspirating gastric contents or air through the tube and checking for signs of resistance. This test should only be used with NG tubes and is not recommended for OG tubes.
- Ultrasound: Ultrasound can be used to confirm proper placement of the NG or OG tube by tracking its progress as it is inserted into the gastrointestinal tract. This method should only be used with patients who are not allergic to ultrasound contrast dye.
- Physical Exam: A physical exam of the patient can be used to confirm proper placement of the tube. The doctor should look for signs such as swelling, bruising, or redness along the insertion site and check for any air bubbles coming from the tube.
Final Thoughts
There are several types of feeding tubes that are commonly used in medical settings, including nasogastric tubes, gastrostomy tubes, jejunostomy tubes, nasojejunal tubes, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tubes, percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy tubes, and gastrojejunostomy tubes.
When it comes to ensuring proper tube placement, pH test strips are the best method. These strips can accurately determine if the feeding tube is in the correct position within the gastrointestinal tract, reducing the risk of complications.
For reliable and accurate pH test strips, visit RightBio Metrics to schedule a demo today. Our high-quality RightSpotpH® Indicators can provide healthcare professionals with the confidence they need when testing for proper tube placement. Don’t hesitate to view our full range of medical testing supplies.
